Isbael kinney



(No Model.)

I. KINNE'Y. Calipers and Dividers. No. 230,876. Patented Aug,.10,1880.

W110 i ATTORNEY MPETERS. PNOTO LITHOGRAPNEEL WASHINGTON. DJ}.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orricet ISRAEL KINNEY, OF WINDSOR, ONTARIO, CANADA.

CALIPERS AND DI VIDERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 230,876, dated August10, 1880.

Application filed May 1, 1680.

To all whom it may concern:

Beitknown thatI, ISRAEL KINNEY, of Windsor, county of Essex, Province ofOntario, Canada, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Calipers;and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention consists in the combinations of devices and applianceshereinafter specified, andmore particularlypointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view of calipers illustrating myinvention; Fig. 2, a separate view of the parts composing the head orjoint; Fig. 3, a variation, in which is shown a combined compasses andcalipers, and an additional calipers, so as to caliper two sizes withbut one adjustment; Fig. 4, a variation, in which the improved pointsare shown upon an ordinary calipers; Fig. 5, a calipers or compasses, inwhich handles are attached to the movable parts of the heads, so thatthe device can be opened by pinching between the thumb and finger. Fig.6 is a form of double calipers, in which the central leg is made fastwith the disk B and washer-plate D, and both the curved legs are, likethe disk B, journaled loosely upon the hub device, which couplestogether the disk B and plate D.

The object of my invention is, first, to provide a calipers with movablelegs, and a head or joint composed of two plates, with which the legsengage, respectively, and a clampscrew by which the legs may be firmlyclamped between the plates, making them rigid or giving to them just asmuch or little friction as may be desired; secondly, in providing thelegs with pivoted points, so that in gaging any article with thecalipers the legs, which are always more or less liable to spring, neednot move at all, but simply the hinged points be made to yield abouttheir hinges; thirdly, in combining a calipers and a compasses so thatthe device may be used for either purpose, and also providing anadditional pair of pivoted points, so that a double calipers is made andcapable of gaging two different sizes (No model.)

with a single adjustment; fourthly, in providing calipers with aclamping-head and handles projecting from the disks forming the head, sothatthe points can be made to open out by simply pinching together thetwo handles between the thumb and finger.

To this end, A A represent the two legs of a calipers B and B, twodisks, between which the legs are clamped by a set-screw, G, and awasher-plate, D. One of the disks, B, is provided with lugs b, forming aV-shaped recess to engage one of the legs A of the calipers, and theother disk, B, provided with similar lugs b and recess for engagementwith the other leg, A. The legs A and A are both capable of beinglengthened or shortened by sliding longitudinally between the disks, andwhen opened or closed the corresponding disk moves bodily with its legabout the set-screw; but when properly set they may be clamped rigidlyor given any desired amount of friction by means of the set-screw.

It is apparent that this device is equally applicable to compasses, andthe lengthening and shortening of the legs are then made available, inorder to cause one leg of the compasses to scribe upon a higher or lowerlevel than the other. I propose, also, to employ the device as acombined calipers and compasses, and to this'end I form upon each of thelegs a projecting lug, E, formed or attached as shown in Fig. 3, andwhen turned in they may be employed as outside calipers; but when theyare turned outward they may serve as inside calipers. So, also, when thedevice is to be employed as compasses they may be turned out so as topermit the points of the compasses to be brought close together.

I show two forms of such combined calipers and compasses in Fig. 3.

In order to avoid all springing of the legs of the calipers I propose,generally, to employ the pivoted points F, which will alone yield byturning about their pivots and produce an accurate gage, and whenemployed as shown in Fig. 3 the rigid-lugs E may serve as calipers forone size, and a smaller size be calipered by the additional pivotedpoints F, thus requiring but a single adjustment for the two sizes.

When the pivoted points F are employed I do not in their use limitmyself to a device having removable legs and a clamping-head but theymay be used on any ordinary form of calipers or compasses, as shown inFig. 4.

It is well known that it is difficult to open calipers with a singlehand, while it is quite easy to close them by simply pinching the twolegs together with the thumb and finger. I propose to attach handles G Gto .the respective disks B B, so that when the calipers are closed it itis only necessary to pinch the handles G G together with the hand inorder to open the calipers, and this may be employed on calipers with orwithout the removable legs.

The head is so formed, as shown, that a projection, Z), of any suitablenature, made solid with the disk B, engages with a correspondingprojection, 61, of the washer-plate D, so that the disk B and thewasher-plate will always move together, while the disk B will move uponthe said projections as a pivot. By this construction set-screw 0, diskB, and plate D always move together, and consequently there is never anytendency of the screw to work loose. This device is well adapted for anyof the usual purposes for which such a head is employed-as, forinstance, in compasses and calipers. When a head of this character isemployed it is not absolutely essential that the legs AA should beseparable from the head; but, on the con trary, one leg may be made in asingle piece with the disk B and the otherin a single piece with thedisk B. V-shaped seats for removable legs the legs may be provided withprojecting pins which set into corresponding holes in the disks B B.

The calipers may be made with three legs, as shown in Fig. 6, in which Ais the middle leg, and is made rigid with the washer-plate D and disk Bby means of a slotted opening, a whereby it embraces the hub portion b,(shown in Fig. 2,) but cannot turn upon it while the legs A A are freeto move, thus forming a So, also, instead of making,

double calipers by employing but three legs all on the same side of thecenter pivot.

What I claim is- 1. A calipers or compasses consisting; essentially, inthe combination, with adjustable and removable legs, of two independentdisks, each provided with a seat for one of the legs, and a set-screwfor securing the disks together, substantially as set forth.

2. A combined compasses and calipers, consistin g of pivoted legsprovided with compasspoints and having caliper legs or arms located onthe inner sides thereof between the points and pivot, substantially asset forth.

3. Adouble calipers consisting of legs having lugs or pivoted points attheir ends, and another set of pivoted points located between the formerand the caliper-head, substantially as described.

4. A combined compasses and double calipers, consisting of legs pivotedat the compasshead, having compass-points, caliper-lugs, or pivotedpoints located back of but near the compass-points, and a second set ofpivoted caliper-points located between the latter and the compass-head,substantially as described.

5. The clamping-head consisting of the independent disks B B, provided,respectively, with seats on their adjacent sides for retaining the legsin place, the washer-plate D, and set or clamps screws 0, substantiallyas set forth.

6. The combination, with the disk B, provided with a projection, I), andwasher D, constructed with a circular hub having a recess, (1, formedtherein, within which is received the projection 12 on disk B, journaledupon the circular hub or bearing or washer D, and setscrew 0,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

ISRAEL KINNEY.

Witnesses:

WILL. M. PORTER, S. E. THOMAS.

